Schooling refers to the act of physically attending a formal institution of learning e.g. primary or a secondary school. It involves systematic promotion through the grade range governing the learning institution with the assumption that at the end of their institutionalized cycle some learning will have taken place.

The general objective of this course is to enable students and other professionals skills which they may need to perform effectively their activities in the university and later on life.

Phonetics is a discipline that deals with the systematic study of all speech sounds which human beings are capable of producing. It provides means of identifying, recognizing, describing and classifying virtually all the speech sounds that can be produced by the human vocal tract.

The course introduces and defines the main concepts in Gender, population and development. There are many other related concepts that are central in this module and you are required to master them as you move along.

This module develops an agenda for Gender, Project Planning, Development and Management, with particular emphasis on local priorities, poverty eradication and gender equality. It extends the argument that project planning and development should enhance the capabilities of women and girls, so they are able "to lead the lives they value and have reason to value” (Sen, 1999).

Gender refers to the roles of and social relationships between men and women, it refers to the assignment of what men and women should do in a society and that relates to a range of social and institutional issues rather than a specific relation between any male and female individuals.

At the core of this module is to analyze the nature and scope of "Sources of African History". This will lay the foundation for further study of history by equipping you with the knowledge and skills that are important in the generation of historical knowledge.

The key purpose of this module is to expose you albeit theoretically tothe various areas in Principles of archaeology that there are and how they have been used to interrogate archaeological findings. This should hopefully equip you with the necessary attitudes, knowledge and skills crucial in Principles of archaeology as well as cope with challenges and opportunities that may arise during debates on who was responsible on archaeological issues.

The course deals with issues and perspectives of governance in developing countries. Developing countries here means those that have suffered(todate) the humiliating effects of starvation, family, poverty, bad governance, political instabilityetc. under the hands of the wets Europe and America as the super powers. In their reliance on donor aid, developing countries moist often follow the whims of the donors hence neglecting the needs and aspirations of their citizenry.

Growth refers to the quantitative change that occurs in human beings. It is characterized by increase in size and weight. Development refers to patterns of change over time which begin at conception and continue throughout the life span. Development is both qualitative and quantitative in nature and takes place within the physical, social, cognitive and emotional domains. It occurs because of maturation and experience.

Sigmund Freud argued strongly for the role of the unconscious and other internal processes in human development, behaviour and mental disorders. According to him, most of our behaviour and development is determined by the unconscious (innate aggressive and sexual urges- libido). The psychoanalytic school sees people as being in constant conflict between their biological urges (sex aggression, instincts – i.e. the id and the need to tame /control these urges by the super ego. The super-ego uses feelings of pride or guilt to achieve compliance.

While conducting intelligence tests on children, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget began to investigate how children think. According to Piaget, children’s thought processes change as they mature physically and interact with the world around them. Piaget believed that children develop schema, or mental models, to represent the world. As children learn, they expand and modify their schema through the processes of assimilation and accommodation.

The prenatal stage occurs during the nine months or so between conception and birth. As we will cover later on in this topic, the period in the womb can have a considerable impact on our later well-being. The nine months of prenatal development can be characterized as involving three periods...

Middle childhood covers the period 7-11 years while. This period is characterized by further development of the child in all domains, however the rate of development is not as rapid as it was during infancy and early childhood.

A parent who is very responsive but not at all demanding is labelled indulgent , whereas one who is equally responsive but also very demanding is labelled authoritative. Parents who are very demanding but not responsive are Authoritarian. Parents who are neither demanding nor responsive are labelled indifferent.

Every human being is a sexual being. To master the important developmental tasks of forming new and more mature relationships with members of the opposite sex and of of playing the approved role for one’s sex, the young adolescent must acquire more complete and more mature concepts of sex than had as a child. Because of his/her growing interest in sex, the adolescent seeks more information about it.

One of the most difficult developmental tasks of adolescence relates to social adjustments. These adjustments must be made to members of the opposite sex in a relationship that never existed before and to adults outside the family and school environments. To achieve the goal of adult patterns of socialization, the adolescent must make many new adjustments.

Though individuals become more introspective in adolescence, this self-understanding is not completely internal; rather it is a social-cognitive construction. That is, adolescents’ developing cognitive capacities interact with their socio-cultural experiences to influence their self-understanding.

Organizational communication is the sending and receiving of messages among interrelated individuals within a particular environment or setting to achieve individual and common goals.

The proposed business is MILOO BOOKSHOP is to be located in SONDU town. It is a sole proprietorship dealing mainly with books, examination printing, and stationery selling. It is in the commercial service industry. Opportunity was identified after a baseline survey, which revealed an adequate market. The main goals of the venture include; creating job opportunities to the locals, offering information materials to the young and old people alike and to create a well-informed population. To achieve this THE MILOO BOOKSHOP will be offering pocket friendly pricing and excellent services as strategy for entry and growth.