Motivation and Emotion covers areas of motivation and emotion that significantly relate to behavior and mental processes. Such areas include hunger, thirst, sex and the theories that explain the biological and psychological factors involved. An attempt is made to tie in emotional experiences with motivations for behavior.

This course description is made with appreciation of the reciprocity between Literature in English and English Language. It reflects the situation in Kenya where the two distinct subjects are integrated under the heading: English. Similarly, recent developments relating to the teaching of Literature in the modern secondary school have been adequately catered for.

In scientific research, the following terminologies are important and fundamental to the processes of data collecting, preparation, analysis, and reporting. As you will notice, not all the concepts are applicable to every case of data collection, analysis and reporting. Some of these concepts specifically apply to quantitative analysis while others are specific qualitative analysis.

This module introduces larners to the key concepts, topical issues and theories relating to sociology of development. Human societies interact in the process of fulling their basic needs as well as mobilizing to fulfill their human rights. This calls for efforts towards building a just society within the context of a sustainable development process.

This lesson deals with fundamental concepts of remote sensing. Her, remote sensing is defined as the collection of data by a device. Which is not in direct contact with the phenomena to be investigated. Other concepts that are covered by this lesson include types of remote sensing. The definition of satellites, resolution and multi-concept. The lesson is concluded with advantage and disadvantages of camera and satellite systems.

Listening is the active process of receiving and responding to spoken (and sometimes unspoken) messages. It is one of the subjects studied in the field of language arts and in the discipline of conversation analysis.

The primary aim of writing this module is to introduce students to various selected themes in African history. The module is tailored to meet the needs of distance learning undergraduate students in their second year of study. The manner in which the chapters are presented takes cognizance of the fact that students already have basic introductory knowledge in History, Archaeology and Political science.

Kozi hii itarejelea misingi ya fonetiki na fonolojia. Hizi ni taaluma za kiisimu ambazo huzingatia sauti za lugha. Isimu husimamia m tazamo wa kisayansi wa maelezo ya muundo na matumizi ya lugha. Mtazamo huu unasisitiza sifa tatu: uwazi, utaratibu na ukamilifu wa maelezo.

Fasihi simulizi ni istilahi inayotumiwa kuelezea dhana ya Fasihi itolewayo kwa mdomo bila kuandikwa. Istilahi hii ina dosari kwani neno simulizi haina maana kitu kinachonenwa (oral) bali ina maana ya kitu kinachosimuliwa (narrative). Hivyo tafsiri ya simulizi katika kiingereza ni "narrative literature" siyo oral literature.

A policy is a purposive, consistent, course of action, formulated by specific political process which is executed and enforced.

Public policy entails a set of interrelated decisions taken by a political actor or group of actors concerning the selection of goals and the means of achieving them within a specified situation where those decisions should, in principle, be within the power of those actors to achieve- William Jenkins, 1978.

This lesson introduces the concept of public finance and its historical developments dating back to the era of renowned economist Adam Smith. The principles of public finance enshrined in the Constitution of Kenya 2010 are covered as well as sources of public finance with major focus on taxation. The purpose of this lesson is to enable you understand the principles and role of public finance in a given country.

Sociology of religion is the scientific study of the ways in which culture, society and class relationships affect religion and the ways in which religion affects individuals and the social structure.

The discipline of sociology is founded on a trinity of three main pillars: social structure, social research methods and social theory. You may like to think of the discipline of sociology as a traditional African stool that stands on three legs: social structure, social research methods and social theory. Having been introduced to the discipline of sociology last semester, this course exposes you to the first pillar: social structure. As you go on with your courses in sociology you will encounter the other two pillars: social research methods and social theory. To put them in perspective: Social theory attempts to explain why things happen and how they happen. It also attempts to predict social phenomena. Social research methods deal with how sociologists come to know what they know about society and the tools that they use to test the validity of some of the predictions made by theory. Social structure attempts to explain and describe the reality of how society is constructed.

Somo hili linatoa utangulizi wa chombo hiki cha binadamu kinachoitwa lugha. kwa muda mrefu binadamu amejaribu kuelewa lugha bila mafanikio makubwa hadi mikabala ya kisayansi ilipoanza .

This is the scientific study of people in group relations. Sociologists use scientific methods in their research studies to develop a body of accurate and reliable knowledge about human relationships.

This module on introduction to ethics has been carefully developed to introduce you to the basic ethical concepts, theories and principles. Ethics being a philosophical discipline this module has employed the philosophical methods and tools of evaluation and analysis. The course therefore exposes you to philosophical thinking about morality.

Fromkin, Rodman and Hyams (2009) define articulatory phonetics as the branch of phonetics that studies how the human vocal tract produces the sounds of language, while Crystal (2008) defines articulatory phonetics as "the study of the way speech sounds are made (articulated') by the avagal organs."

Development can be defined as systemic changes and continuities in the individual that occur between conception and death or from womb to tomb. The changes are systemic in that they are orderly, patterned and relatively enduring-not fleeting and unpredictable like mood swings. Involve continuities; ways in which we remain the same or continue to reflect our pasts.

Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leadership is a process of social influence, which maximizes the efforts of others, towards the achievement of a goal.