Sex education, also called sexuality education or sex and relationships education. It's the process of acquiring information and forming attitudes and beliefs about sex, sexual identity, relationships and intimacy. It is also about developing young people's skills so that they make informed choices about their behavior, and feel confident and competent about acting on these choices. It is widely accepted that young people have a right to sex education, partly because it is a means by which they are helped to protect themselves against abuse, exploitation, unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS.

Immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against diseases by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. The immune system is made up of organs that are involved in fighting invasion by foreign bodies.

HIV can’t grow or reproduce on its own. It requires cell of living organisms to infect & reproduce. HIV is specific to CD4+ cells in the human body i.e. cells with surface molecule called Cluster of Differentiation 4. Cells carrying this molecule are called CD4+ cells. Therefore HIV cant survive in the animal blood, because its only human blood that contains CD4+cells. HIV is a lentivirus. Like all viruses in this group it attacks the immune system. Lentiviruses are in turn part of a larger group of viruses called retroviruses. The term ”retrovirus” stems from the fact that these kinds of viruses are capable of copying RNA into DNA. The name lentivirus means slow virus. This is because they take such a longtime to produce any adverse effects in the body.

HIV infects cells of the immune system and the central nervous system. The main cell HIV infects is T helper cell which is a crucial part of the immune system, because it co-ordinates the actions of other cells of the immune system. A large reduction in the number of T helper cells seriously weakens the immune system.

General introduction: Public health and hygiene, human reproductive system, sex and sexuality. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); History of Human Immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune deciency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Compara- tive information on trends, global and local distribution, Justification of importance of course. Biology of HIV/AIDS; Overview of immune system, natural immunity to HIV/AIDS. The AIDS virus and its life cycle, disease progression, transmission and diagnosis.

General introduction: Public health and hygiene, human reproductive system, sex and sexuality. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); History of Human Immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Comparative information on trends, global and local distribution, Justification of importance of course. Biology of HIV/AIDS; Overview of immune system, natural immunity to HIV/AIDS. The AIDS virus and its life cycle, disease progression, transmission and diagnosis.

General introduction: Public health and hygiene, human reproductive system, sex and sexuality. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); History of Human Immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Comparative information on trends, global and local distribution, Justification of importance of course. Biology of HIV/AIDS; Overview of immune system, natural immunity to HIV/AIDS. The AIDS virus and its life cycle, disease progression, transmission and diagnosis. Discordant couples.

General introduction: Public health and hygiene, human reproductive system, sex and sexuality. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); History of Human Immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Comparative information on trends, global and local distribution, Justification of importance of course. Biology of HIV/AIDS; Overview of immune system, natural immunity to HIV/AIDS. The AIDS virus and its life cycle, disease progression, transmission and diagnosis.

General introduction: Public health and hygiene, human reproductive system, sex and sexuality. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); History of Human Immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Compara- tive information on trends, global and local distribution, Justification of importance of course.

This unit aims at providing a good foundation in mathematics for students who plans to do more specialized work in the university, especially in the Computing, Medicine, Engineering, etc.

Upon completing this topic, you should be able to: Solve quadratic equations by factoring Learning outcomes Solve quadratic equations using the method of extraction of roots Determine the nature of the solutions to a quadratic equation Understand the logic underlying the method of completing Solve a quadratic equation using the method of completing

By the end of this topic you should be able to; Understand the laws of indices and their application in simplifying algebraic expressions. Define index, Establish the laws of indices, Solve simple problems using the laws of indices. Understand the theory of logarithms and surds and their applications in manipulating expressions. Define logarithm

Upon completing this topic, you should be able to: Differentiate between a series and a sequence, Use Sigma notation in representing a series, Understand the properties of arithmetic and geometric progressions, Define an Arithmetic progression (A.P.), Obtain the formula for nth term and the first n terms of an A.P, Define a geometric progression (G.P.)

Upon completing this topic, you should be able to factorise and solve polynomials of degree higher than 2

Permutations and Combination Permutations - This is defined as the number of different ways of arranging different objects in order.

Upon completing this topic you should be able to understand the binomial theorem and it’s application in the expansion of expressions and in approximations.

Upon completing this topic,you should be able to;- Apply the principles of probability to solve problems in real-world contexts. Understand and use the language of probability and to compute the probabilities of composite events using the basic rules of probability.

C Language Overview This chapter describes the basic details about C programming language, how it emerged, What are strengths of C and why we should use C. The C programming language is a general purpose, high level language that was originally developed by Dennis M. Ritchie to develop the UNIX operating system at Bell Labs. C was originally first implemented on the DEC PDP 11 computer in 1972. In 1978, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie produced the first publicly available description of C, now known as the K&R standard. The UNIX operating system, the C compiler, and essentially all UNIX applications programs have been written in C. The C has now become a widely used professional language for various reasons. Easy to learn Structured language It produces efficient programs. It can handle low level activities. It can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms. Facts about C C was invented to write an operating system called UNIX. C is a successor of B language, which was introduced around 1970. The language was formalized in 1988 by the American National Standard Institute.(ANSI). The UNIX OS was totally written in C by 1973

Classical and axiomatic approaches to probability. Compound and conditional probability, including Bayes' theorem. Concept of discrete random variable: expectation and variance. Data: sources, collection, classification and processing. Frequency distributions and graphical representation of data, including bar diagrams, histograms and stem-and-leaf diagrams. Measures of central tendency and dispersion. Skewness and kurtosis. Correlation. Fitting data to a best straight line. Pre-Requisites: STA 2104 Calculus for statistics I, SMA 2104 Mathematics for Science.

Communication has always been with us ever since the origin of human society. Communication has been playing an increasingly important role especially since human society entered the information era in the 1970s or 1980s. The communication mentioned in this note refers to the communication implemented through a data communication network. This note describes the concepts related to communication and a data communication network, information transfer process, network devices and their functions, network types, and typical networking. In addition, this note briefly introduces the concepts related to network engineering and network engineers.