Supply chain is the network of organizations that are involved through upstream and downstream linkages, in the different processes and activities that produce value in the form of product and services in the hands of the ultimate customers.

publics. In the analysis of the definition (i) it is” the planned and sustained effort” ,meaning that PR activity is organized as a campaign or program and is a continuous activity, it is not haphazard. (ii) Its purpose is “to establish and maintain mutual understanding” – that is, to ensure that the organization is understood by others. This mutual understanding is thus between an organization and its publics, since many groups of people are involved.

This course provides the student with an introduction to the basic elements of modern microeconomics. The course provides coverage of the institutional background and the history of significant microeconomic ideas and issues in Kenya and around the world. It will develop an understanding of how microeconomics relates to practical life. Students are expected to apply the knowledge in other economics units. The study employs extensive use of diagrams and mathematical expressions in the illustration of concepts.

Social Action, according to Max Weber, is action that takes others into account. At the individual or group level this refers to interpersonal influence: how people are affected by co-present others or the expectations associated with generalized others, so that they dress, talk, and act in predictable ways but social action also includes groups, organizations, and institutions, however, and influence within and across these levels of analysis.

In this lesson we shall critically analyze the emerging issues in governance that revolve around such themes as corruption, leadership, ethnicity, land, civil and human rights and their gender implications.

The term adolescence, derived from the Latin adolescence meaning "to grow up", can be defined as a transitional stage of physical and psychological human development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood.

The objective of the course is to enable students to be able to define policy and social policy, appreciate types of public policy, review foundations of the public policy including social policy, challenges and vulnerabilities in societies, the need and rationale for social policy, UN based social policy, development and social policy in Kenya, evaluation (analysis) of social policy, and policy development cycle.

A System is an integrated set of interoperable elements, each with explicitly specified and bounded capabilities, working synergistically to perform value-added processing to enable a User to satisfy mission-oriented operational needs in a prescribed operating environment with a specified outcome and probability of success.

Mainstreaming a gender perspective is the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies or programmes, in all areas and at all levels. It is a strategy for making women's as well as men's concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal is to achieve gender equality.

There are three set of tools used in the articulation and actualization of critical thinking; they include: Tools of Analysis (dimensions or elements of thinking), Tools of Evaluation (Universal intellectual Standards) and Tools of Transformation (valuable intellectual Traits)

In this lesson we will discuss conditional probability, independent events, Bayes’ theorem and its application.

In this lesson we will take a close look at policy briefs and learn how to produce them.

Sexuality is part and parcel of a person’ s total personality from birth to death, with or without sexual activity. Sex is part of every culture and can be found historically in every period through the paintings and drawings.

Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology that studies unusual patterns of behavior, emotion and thought, which may or may not be understood as precipitating a mental disorder. Abnormal psychology studies the nature of abnormal behaviour, its causes and its treatments with the overall aim of describing, explaining, predicting, and changing abnormal patterns of functioning.

Social statistics is the use of statistical measurement tools to study human/social behavior in a social environment. This can be accomplished through drawing a particular group of people, evaluating a particular subset of data obtained about a group of people, or by observation and statistical analysis of a set of data that relates to people and their behaviours.

This module seeks to highlight various elements of research including preparation of proposals, literature review, theorizing, and conceptualization of research models, research questions, hypothesis, objectives, justifications, research premises, scope, limitations, methodologies, and techniques of data collection, fieldwork requirements, instruments of research analysis and report writing and ethics of social research.

This lecture seeks to introduce you to the understanding of criminology and criminal behavior. This lecture will also seek to outline the roles of criminal psychologists.

The word “philosophy” comes from the Greek word (philosophia), which literary means “love of wisdom” The word 'philosophy' is derived from the combination of two ancient Greek words; 'philos', which means 'love', and 'sophia', which means 'wisdom'. It etymologically means love of wisdom.

There are a number of characteristics that a good speaker exhibits. No one is born a good speaker but we can continually improve our skills. We need to keep assessing ourselves and identifying areas we should work on.

In physics we deal with physical quantities which are usually quantified by measuring. The process of measuring involves assigning a number to a physical quantity by comparing it with a standard. The standard quantity is called unit and used to measure the given physical quantity.