As far as historians can ascertain, Paleolithic people saw no distinction between medicine, magic, and religion. Archeologists have uncovered skulls with holes drilled in them dating back as far as 8,000 B.C. Researchers have determined that, for some, bone healed near these holes indicating that the procedure may have been surgical and that the person survived. Many theories have been developed as a means to explain the purpose behind this surgery, called trephining.

Theory- is a system of ideas intended to explain something or a phenomenon. For example, Darwin’s theory of evolution. Theory is built upon one or more hypothesis and upon evidence. A theory contains reasoning and logical connections that lead to certain conclusions. Theories can change based on new evidence. Can you think of theories that your teachers used in different subjects during your secondary education? For instance, the plat tectonic theory which explains landmass motion to form continents; the newton’s theory of gravity; the cell theory of organisms etc.

The concept of symmetry and group theory are important in chemistry to study the structure of molecules. The measurement of crystal structures, infra– red spectra, ultra–violet spectra, dipole moments and optical activities, all these are properties which depend on molecular symmetry. The term symmetry is synonymous to beauty. The nature has made most of its creation symmetrical i.e., the sun planets animals and plants. symmetry is present in geometrical figures, crystalline solids and molecule. Entities which possess more element of symmetry are more symmetrical

COURSE OBJECTIVE: To equip learners with the necessary skills and knowledge required in the practice of strategy formulation, implementation, control and evaluation within the organizational context.

This course provides the student with an introduction to the basic elements of modern microeconomics. The course provides coverage of the institutional background and the history of significant microeconomic ideas and issues in Kenya and around the world. It will develop an understanding of how microeconomics relates to practical life. Students are expected to apply the knowledge in other economics units. The study employs extensive use of diagrams and mathematical expressions in the illustration of concepts.

So, a baby beginning to walk, a guy taking guitar lessons so he play well enough to impress girls, a single mom taking real estate classes to get her real estate license and switch careers, a kid figuring out how to advance to the next level on a video game without resorting to cheat codes, a grandfather regaining lost function in a hand after a stroke, all of these reflect types of learning. These types of learning aren't all the same, don't all use the same psychological processes or require the same parts of the brain, but they're still learning according to our definition.

Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field focused on the interplay between human’s actions or behaviors and their surroundings. The field defines the term environment broadly, encompassing natural environments, social settings, built environments, learning environments and informational environment

Database management system (DBMS) are computer software applications that interact with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. A general-purpose DBMS is designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases. It’s a set of software programs that controls the organization, storage and retrieval of data (fields, records and files) in a database. It also controls the security and integrity of the database.

Welcome to the first Lesson on Gender Dimensions in Community Mobilization and Development. In this Lesson, we will define all concepts that we will use during the course. These concepts include sex, gender, community, community mobilizer, community mobilization, develop, development, community development and community participation. Understanding these basic concepts which we will use often will make it easier for you to understand the course. You will also start to see the connection between gender and community development. First we would like you to review the Lesson objectives, that is, what we expect you to achieve by the end of this Lesson.

This course is aimed at equipping learners with knowledge+e ,skills and attitudes necessary to appreciate diverse cultures and their influence on mental processes and behaviour in order to promote peaceful coexistence of all peoples.

Everyone wants to change or modify someone's behavior. Maybe you want your husband to pick up his socks off the floor, your child to start their homework as soon as they come home, or that friend to stop calling after 10 PM. Regardless, whether it's your son, daughter, husband, wife, or friend, the desire to change someone's behavior for the better is relevant to every environment, situation, and walk of life. The often utilized term for this in psychology is behavior modification.

The term may also mean ‘the social definition of men and women in a society’. That is, the societal or social explanation of who women and men are or should be. Therefore, from the definition above, you note that gender is culture or context specific. Hence, each and every culture or social context in the world has its own ways of explaining who men and women are as well as what is expected of them. It is also important to note that

Anthropology is a social science, which studies mankind in its entirety. The term in its literal sense means, “study of mankind”, as it is a combination of two Greek words, namely, anthropos and logos. Anthropology has gained popularity rapidly within the social/ behavioral sciences circle. Through its various fields of specialization, it offers us great insights into the ways of lives of human societies across time and space.

Computer Graphics (CG) is the field of visual computing, where one utilizes computers both to generate visual images synthetically and to integrate or alter visual and spatial information sampled from the real world. Computer Graphics is the pictorial representation and manipulation of data by a computer.

Quantum theory was developed in the early nineteenth century due to the failure of classical or Newtonian physics to explain certain experimental observations. In this chapter, those experiments are described and implications of those experiments explained. This is followed by explaining the short-coming of these experiments in terms of quantum theory. Finally, the quantum ideas taken as the basis of quantum mechanics are explained.

Abstract; It provides the title summary of research objectives, the methodology i.e. sampling procedure, target population and data collection methods. It should also contain summary of finding and recommendation (should be in block, one (1) page and should not be divided into paragraphs).

The word anaemia is a Latin word meaning "no blood." It describes a condition where there is lack of heam in the blood. Heam is the oxygen carrying and iron-containing molecule. This is attached to a protein called globin to form haemoglobin (Hb), which is contained in the red blood cells. This haemoglobin is responsible for the red colour of the blood.

This course introduces the basic concepts of transient analysis of the circuits, the basic twoport network parameters, design analysis of the filters and attenuators and their use in the circuit theory, analysis of the locus diagrams, resonance, magnetic circuits. The emphasis of this course is laid on the basic operation of DC machines which includes DC generators and DC motors.

A graph is a visual method of illustrating the behaviour of a particular function. It is easy to see from a graph how as x changes, the value of f(x) is changing. The graph is thus much easier to understand and interpret than a table of values. For example by looking at a graph we can tell whether f(x) is increasing or decreasing as x increases or decreases. We can also tell whether the rate of change is slow or fast. Maximum and minimum values of the function can be seen at a glance. For particular values of x, it is easy to read the values of f(x) and vice versa i.e. graphs can be used for estimation purposes

Welcome to this module. You probably have heard about the term gender and society which are key terms in this course. You may have formed and developed your own versions of what the terms constitute. In this module, we will introduce you to the basic concepts in gender and society and why you should study it. This is an interactive instructional module that uses both action and collaborative learning styles that provide you with diverse online learning experiences and effective learning processes. The key purpose of this module is to expose you to the knowledge of what gender is and how it impacts the lives of both men and women in society. This should hopefully equip you with the necessary attitudes, knowledge and skills when articulating gender related issues both in theory and practice.