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Effect of Sexual Abuse on school performance among Secondary School Students In Mavoko Sub County, Machakos County, Kenya- Social work and community health research project
| Institution | Kisii National Polytechnic |
| Course | Social work and comm... |
| Year | 3rd Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | MAKORI KERECHA |
| File Type | docx |
| Pages | |
| File Size | 129.93 KB |
| Views | 956 |
| Downloads | 0 |
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Description
Globally true magnitude of child sexual abuse is hidden because of its sensitive and illegal nature. Most children and families do not report cases of abuse and exploitation because of stigma, fear and lack of trust in the authorities. This study aims at establishing the effect of child sexual abuse on school performance among secondary school students in Mavoko Sub County, Machakos County. The objectives of this study were to examine the forms of CSA, the effect of CSA on school performance, social behaviour of CSA and school retention rate of CSA. The study was based on the descriptive-survey design. The target population was 3486 form three students divided into 14 strata that is corresponding to each of the 14 public secondary schools. Only 10% of students in form three (3) per school were targeted and to make a sample size be 84. The data was collected using semi structured questionnaires and interviews to school’s principals which were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Descriptive statistics such as: frequencies, percentages and means were calculated. Inferential statistics such as (Multiple Regression Analysis) were used to test the relationships between the independent (academic performance, social behaviour performance and school retention) and the dependent variables (forms of sexual abuse). The findings of the study show that there was a statistically significant relationship between the level of sexual abuse and the practice of various forms of sexual abuse (r=0.872, p<0.05). The most common forms of sexual abuse were verbal sexual abuse, involuntary kissing, or being sexually touched. There were also cases of attempted oral, anal or vaginal penetration. Further, some students were forced to watch pornographic pictures, drawings, films, videotapes, or magazines The findings also show that there was a significant relationship between sexual abuse and school social behaviour performance (r=0.909, p<0.05). Sexual abuse led to various negative school social behaviours. It meant that some of the students did not trust other people, felt lonely, and experienced stressful inner tension. It also led to mood rapidly changing in terms of anxiety, anger, and depression. There was a significant relationship between sexual abuse and academic performance (r=0.920, p<0.05). Due to sexual abuse, some of the students did not feel interested in classwork and, did not concentrate on class activities. Most of them were also not happy with academic performance and were always absent-minded in class. Pearson correlation analysis also showed a significant relationship between sexual abuse and school retention (r=0.933, p<0.05). Sexual abuse made some students feel that nobody cared about them in school and some decided to drop out. Some felt vulnerable and felt out of place in school. They never felt at ease in school and often decided to drop out. There were instances of students dropping out of school after being sexually abused due to pregnancy, stigma, early marriages, and stigma among others. The study recommends the need to put in place measures aimed at educating students on some of the disregarded forms of sexual abuse. The school administration should promptly identify and curb the tolerance of some of these forms of abuse among students. Counselling measures should be enhanced to check the negative psychological effects of child sexual abuse such as negative school social behaviour. Students who were victims of sexual abuse should be encouraged to remain in school.
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Structural and architectural design of a sustainable apartment complex - building and Civil engineering
final year project presents an integrated design for a sustainable apartment complex in KNP Nyasiongo, aiming to harmonize architectural aesthetics with structural integrity. The primary objective was to develop a robust framework that accommodates the specific needs of the community while adhering to principles of sustainability and environmental responsibility. The project involved a thorough site analysis and the formulation of design specifications based on key objectives, which included enhancing safety, optimizing resource use, and minimizing environmental impact. Detailed methodologies were applied, encompassing soil testing, load calculations, and compliance with relevant building regulations.
Chapter Four delves into the results and discussions of the structural design, focusing on the analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) members, including beams, columns, slabs, and walls. The design process employed various methodologies, such as manual calculations and software tools, to ascertain the structural viability and safety of the building.
The findings highlight the importance of incorporating sustainable practices into modern construction, illustrating how strategic material selection and innovative design solutions can lead to an efficient and durable structure. Ultimately, the project demonstrates a comprehensive approach to contemporary apartment complex design, serving as a model for future developments that prioritize safety, efficiency, and ecological balance.
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6.68 MB
Geometric design of road - land survey project
This project made to make a design of asphalt roads of 4.27 km at Misibya- |Mwembe site in Kiogoro district, Kisii sector. The specific objectives of the study were to produces topographic map of the case study, to design suitable horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, cross sections of road which will facilitate these trucks and heavy vehicles and to calculate and specify the earthwork quantities (cut and fill volume). The topographic analysis of Kiogoro District identifies 4 distinct features: Areas of gentle slopes (less than 20 percent gradient) on the ridges and along the wetlands; areas with steep slopes (more than 20 percent gradient); linear ridges running along the length of the sectors; alluvial plains along the rivers Mwembe and Kiogoro. In this project, researcher collected data by using modern surveying instrument like total station, dump level et c. Laptop with engineering software CAD (computer aided design) which will occupy those topographic that for analysis and transformation to many formats. ArcGIS software for analyzing a spatial location and decision making after buffering the delimitation area for computing a number of people will be expropriated with a project AutoCAD CIVIL 3D which will be used to export and draw geometrical element of road which cross section, longitudinal section, plan view, and topographic map of the field. The average elevation of Kiogoro District is 1,000 m above the sea level. Mount Kisii, the highest point in Kisii, has an elevation of 1,853m and the highest spot in Mageragere Sector has an elevation of 1,810 m. Due to such hilly topography coupled with large scale deforestation, soil erosion and landslides in the District are key recurrent problems faced by the City, which requires adequate soil protection measures to address this issue. Focused on the analysis of finding, our objectives was successfully achieved and showed that the existing road elements do not meet the standard road design to be used due to its damages which are lack of drainage system and other items listed in this work. With design of geometrical element of Misibya- |Mwembe site in Kiogoro district, Kisii sectorasphalt makes the road usable in good conditions and if its maintenance is well done; handle travelling treats for users will achieve. For earthworks quantities, entered data in technical mapping system come across with a paradox phenomenon which issued by total station that affects of the road project implementation due to the increase of earthworks computation varied according to the use of different cross sectional intervals. The construction of this road is important to the Misibya- |Mwembe site. Although a high rate of development in this site, there still problems caused by inappropriate road designed which are inhibit access to social facilities and commercial activities. This road helps to overcome those challenges.
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1.26 MB
Structural Design of two storey Residential apartment- building and Civil engineering project
order to ensure the building stability, it was necessary to determine the adequate dimensions of structural elements; this project deals with the calculation and design of reinforced concrete structure. Several figures and tables have been used to illustrate the text and contribute to a better understanding of the subject matter.
The proposed apartment building is 23.25 m x 18 m dimensions. It is three-storey building and it has bedrooms, living rooms, dining rooms and bathrooms. The height of each floor is 3.20 m.
All the building members (slabs, columns, foundations and stair) are calculated by analytical method by using the basic knowledge in civil engineering.
The height of the beam is 55 cm; its width is 20 cm whereas the width of flange is 90.7 cm for longitudinal beams. The maximum and minimum bar of reinforcement bar at top for all beams is Ø16 the same to the reinforcement at bottom.
The critical panel of slab was designed, slab thickness is 15cm the maximum size of reinforcement bar is Ø12mm .The high loaded column was designed and the maximum reinforcement bar size is Ø25mm.Links of Ø8 mm at 300 mm center to center were provided to hold main reinforcement bars.
Foundation were designed by considering the bearing capacity Pb= 320 KN/m2 and designed upper load from columns. Each designed foundation is 200*200*50 cm and the maximum reinforcement bar is Ø20 mm in foundation.
In order to provide access from floor to next floor stair was designed .Going of stair is 300 mm, riser is 150 mm, the flight height is 160 cm and its pitch is 29.530, that stair is reinforced by Ø16 mm.
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4.62 MB
Structure and architecture design of a G+4 Commercial building - building and Civil engineering project report
project titled "Structure and Architecture Design of a Four-Story Commercial Building Located in NYAMIRA DISTRICT, Nyamira County, Nyamira , involves the comprehensive planning, architectural design, and structural analysis required to develop a functional and sustainable multipurpose commercial building. This project aims to address the growing demand for commercial space in Nyamira County by incorporating modern construction techniques, materials, and safety standards to ensure the building's durability and suitability for various business activities. The design emphasizes efficient space utilization, accessibility, and adherence to local building regulations and environmental considerations. The project also outlines the key construction phases, resource allocation, and project management strategies necessary for successful completion.
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1.76 MB
Structural and architectural design of three storey Residential apartment
This project, titled “Structural and Architectural Design of a G+3 Residential Apartment in Kisii Town,
Kisii County,” was undertaken as part of the requirements for obtaining an Diploma at KNP Polytechnic Institute. The project encompasses both architectural conception and structural design, with a strong emphasis on effective communication to all stakeholders. Each section of the project is clearly numbered to facilitate easy navigation, allowing users to quickly access specific areas of interest. The design process was informed by a wide range of references and follows the standards set out in various authoritative documents, particularly the British Standards (BS). The structural analysis began with the calculation of all expected loads, including the building’s self-weight. The architectural design includes detailed plans showing the dimensions and overall shape of the building. The structural design covers critical elements such as beams, slabs, columns, stairs, and foundations, adhering to the guidelines of BS 8110-1:1997. Detailed plans and reinforcement schedules for these elements are also provided. The total cost of the building is estimated at 281,433,500 Ksh. The design criteria are primarily based on British Standards.
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1.96 MB
Structural and architectural design for a five storey multi purpose building _ building and Civil engineering project report
This research project was undertaken to develop architectural plans and structural details for a G+5 building in Nyamira District, Nyamira Sector, . The project aims to contribute to Kenya’s development by designing a well-planned residential apartment and commercial structure that optimizes space utilization while adhering to regulatory standards.
The study looks at both how the building is designed and how it' structurally designed, taking into designing and British standard codes for structural planning. the results showed that the architectural design of the mixed use building is composed by five stories, the building had a height of 18 meters, a length of 52.949 meters and width of 46.750 meters and features critical elements such as a 6.35m*4.4m slab panel, a 46.550m long beam, a 40cm*40cm column, and a 2.5m*2.5m footing. the structural design of this project showed that the design of the slab provided has a thickness with bars of 16 mm diameter top reinforcements spaced at 200mm and 16mm diameter bottom steel reinforcements at 200mm.
while for critical beam the designed steel reinforcements were 2T16 at the top distribution steel reinforcements and 3T16at bottom and all of the bars were tied up with 8mm links spaced at 200mm.
and for column the designed steel reinforcement was 6T25 from ground floor to first story, 4T25 from the first floor to second floor, 4T20 from second to third floor, 4T16 from third floor to fifth floor all of the bars tied up with 8mm links spaced at 200mm. while for stair the designed steel reinforcement was T12 at 300mm within the flight and T12 at 100mm within the landing. The concrete pad footing had bars of 16mm reinforcements in all direction spaced at 150mm.
This proposed building consists of two sections: a residential apartment complex and a commercial area. Both parts are integrated into a single structure. The residential section includes a total of 20 units, each with living rooms, dining areas, bathrooms, and bedrooms. The commercial section features 38 shops, spanning from the ground floor to the top floor.
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employee recognition practices and their effects on- employees‘ motivation in Lion International Bank
Reward management is one of the ways used by organizations for attracting and retaining suitable employees as well as facilitating them to improve their performance. This study aimed at assessing the employee recognition practice and their effects on employee motivation in Lion International Bank. The study adopted quantitative research design. Data was collected using questionnaires. A total of 296 questionnaires were distributed, out of which, 265 employees responded. Descriptive statistics (frequency tables, percentages) were used to present data. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the programs; Data were analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program. Regression analysis were used to test the relationship between the variables under study in relation to the objectives of the study. The finding of the study shows that positive and significant relationship between all independent variable which are payment, promotion, benefit, working condition, supervision, feedback and autonomy and dependent variable employee, motivation. This implies that, a significant portion of employees considered the recognition practices in Lion International Bank S.C. as less motivating unfair, not competitive and attractive and hence employees seemed to be less responsibility, les loyalty and belongingness and less committed to the organization. It is recommended to review the banks recognition practices that are factor that effect employee motivation.
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factors affecting deposit mobilization of private commercial banks in Kenya
Deposit mobilization is a fundamental part of banking activity. Thus,the main objective of the study is to examine the factors affecting deposit mobilization of private commercial banks in Kenya. The study used balanced panel model in examining the regression model and collect data from six private commercial banks covering the period of Twenty(20) consecutive years, 2000-2019 with a total of 120 observations. To this end, the study employed a quantitative research approach by documentary analysis based on their audited financial statement. The study used panel data techniques specifically fixed effect model on the regression analysis and used E-view8 software. The study used one dependent variable total deposit amount (DEP) and nine independent variables that are Bank’s size, Number of Bank’s Branch, Bank Reserve, Deposit interest rate, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Lending Rate, Exchange Rate, Inflation rate and Gross domestic product (GDP). The regression result of Exchange Rate and Deposit Interest Rate show that positive and significant effect at 5% significance level on deposit mobilization of private commercial bank in Kenya and Bank Size, Bank Reserve, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Number of Bank’s Branch and Lending rate show that positive and significant at 1% significance level on Deposit Mobilization.Whereasinflation rate has negative and insignificant impact at 5% significance level on deposit mobilization of private commercial bank and GDP show that positive and insignificant impact at 5% significance level on deposit mobilization. The study recommended that
Kenyan private commercial banks should give attention to Bank Size, Bank Reserve, and Loan to Deposit Ratio, Lending Rate, Exchange Rate, Deposit Interest Rate and Number of Bank’s Branchthat could affect deposit mobilization and significantly enhance their deposit.
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factors affecting employees’ turnover and their implications to organizational performance in AMREF health Africa Kisii County.
NGOs, like any business or government organizations, experience staff turnover which in turn affect their organizational performance. AMREF Kisii County is one of the leading NGOs working in improving the health situation of the country. The general objective of the study is to investigate the impact of staff turnover on the organizational performance of AMREF health Africa Kisii County and to forward possible recommendations. In order to conduct the study, explanatory design was followed. All professional staff members of AMREF found in the head office are included in the study. Questionnaires were administered for 43 staff members and a semi-structured interview was conducted with four senior staff members of the organization. Document found in the organization was reviewed. The data collected through questionnaires were analyzed and interpreted using frequencies, percentages, mean values and standard deviations, regression and correlations. Information collected through interviews was analyzed qualitatively. The study revealed that the major factors for staff turnover are related to payment and incentives, and training & development factors. The study has shown that on the major strategic intervention areas, the organizational performance of AMREF has been found very low. In relation to staff susceptibility for staff turnover, the research finding depicts that AMREF lost its very experienced staff members which has been affecting the organizational performance negatively. The other finding of the study is that AMREF doesn’t have a specific retention strategy which can be implemented practically to address the problem of staff turnover.
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Factors affecting the adoption of agent banking in Kenyan Banking Industry (Evidence from some Selected Private Banks) - banking and finance research project
study is carried out to identify the factors affecting the adoption of Agency banking in Kenya. The commercial banks operating in Kenya are taken as Population of the study that is 18 commercial banks. Among them the research was conducted and data gathered on the three pioneers banks in agent banking service (Co-operative bank, united bank, and lion international bank). So as to meet the research objective 58 questioners were distributed to e-banking department employees and structured interview were also held with E banking department managers of sampled banks. Purposive sampling method was employed to draw the sample from the population. The study statistically analyzed data obtained from the survey using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0 V (SPSS) and descriptive statistics particularly data mean used for interpretation purpose.
The result of the study regarding the major driving forces that initiate Kenyan banks to adopt agency banking are: the desire to cover wide geographical area, desire to satisfy rapid change of customer needs & preferences and the desire to improve productivity and Organizational Performance. The major factors affecting the adoption of agent banking are: lack of giving proper attention to the service as its given to other conventional banking services, Board of directors, top management and staffs resistance to change in technology, Lack of proper coordination among stakeholders of the bank - in setting goals and following up the implementation process of the service and high cost of implementation of agent banking, lack of adequate public awareness and low level of customers & agents’ technology literacy (mobile phones), Lack of adequate coordination between banks and other decision making centers in agent banking; Lack of adequate infrastructural facilities in the remote area; lack of strong push from the government to promote mobile and agent banking and Lack of sufficient legal frameworks,, customer fear of risk to use agent banking service; absence of common network that links different banks and lack of confidence in relation with the security aspects, Loss of Audit Trail and Users do not trust the agent banking services. The study also tried to identify various benefits from adopting of agency banking, among the benefits overcoming geographical limitations, reduction of queues in the banking hall, enhancement of productivity in the banking industry and Reduction of paper work are the leading benefit banks in Kenya realized from the adoption of agency. The existing opportunities for adoption of agency banking are Expansion of mobile phone users, Commitment of the government to facilitate the expansion of ICT infrastructure, Increment of educated potential customer, the relative increase of the public awareness about the service are among the leading opportunities. The study suggests a series of measures which need to be taken by commercial banks so as to address various factors affecting its adoption among them: Public awareness on the use of ICT, e-commerce and e-Payment need to be raised and enhanced. The government should also legalize the acceptance of electronic receipts as a mode of transaction confirmation. This removes the past requirement of providing paper-based receipts for cash in and cash-out transactions, in doing so the desire to use the agency banking service will rise.
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