EFFECTS OF FINANCING CONSTRAINTS ON OPERATION, PROFITABILITY AND GROWTH OF SMALL AND MICRO ENTERPRISES- ACCOUNTING, BANKING AND FINANCE RESEARCH PROJECT
| Institution | Kimathi Institute of Technology |
| Course | Accounting, Banking... |
| Year | 3rd Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | MAKORI KERECHA |
| File Type | docx |
| Pages | |
| File Size | 218.76 KB |
| Views | 1199 |
| Downloads | 0 |
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Description
Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the Kenyan Economy. The sector contributes approximately 80.6 percent of new jobs created in the country every year. Despite their significance, SMEs are faced with threat of failures with past statistics indicating that three out of five fail within the first few months. Although the role of factors such as access to funds and culture have been widely studied, influence of financing constraints on operation, profitability and growth have not received much emphasises. To bridge the gap, this research investigated the influence of financing constraints on operation, profitability and growth of SMEs. Survey research design was used because it involves interaction between the researcher and the respondent. Stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample size of 246 SMEs from a population of 677. Primary data was collected through use of questionnaires while secondary data was collected through documentary analysis of past sales records. The data was analysed by use of descriptive statistics. Inferential statistics which include Pearson’s Correlation coefficients, Regression and chi-square test were also applied. The results show that majority of the interest rates between 15% and 31% charged by financial institutions were high but businesses could survive so long as loan availability was not a challenge. Better financial skills had an influence on the SMEs’ growth, operation and profitability. Access to finance was a major constraint to business growth since majority of the respondents (36.3%) cited lack of bank financing as a major problem. This study recommends that the government ought to provide conducive institutional environment in formal banking and non-banking set up, providing regulatory frameworks and fostering competition so that the rates of interest provided by the institutions can reduce to a reasonable market rate. It should revise its regulatory framework in order to create and encourage an environment that encourages more financial institutions in the study area. Since majority of small enterprises lack finance, government should establish friendly small loaning system.
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FACTORS INFLUENCING LOAN PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA-BUSINESS RESEARCH PROJECT
The banking sector is a key source of funding for most businesses. Improved loans portfolio management leads to high performance in functions and activities of an organization. It has an effect on total economy of the country and activities of all organizations. Commercial banks use various avenues to generate their income. Loans disbursed to customer are among many other avenues that are used to generate revenue. However, not all loans disbursed are serviced by debtors. Defaulted loans are on the increase in most Financial Institutions and this causes the banks not to meet their obligation of wealthy maximization. The study therefore sought to investigate factors influencing Loans Portfolio Performance in Commercial Banks of Kenya. Specific objectives were; to establish influence of Credit Management, to determine the influence of Unsecured Loans, to evaluate the effect of Repayment Characteristics and finally to analyze the influence of Technological advancement on loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Descriptive research design was used. Data collection was sought from Commercial Banks Headquarters in Nairobi. The study was based on census approach as it focused on all the commercial banks listed on Nairobi Security Exchange (NSE), Kenya. For each commercial bank listed, 5 respondents were sought and this provided 55 respondents. The study employed both secondary and primary data. Instruments used to collect data were questionnaires, financial reports of Central Bank of Kenya website and Kenya Bankers Association journals. The analysis of tabulated data employed descriptive statistics correlation and regression with the use of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The conclusion from the findings indicates that employing proper Credit Management has affirmative and considerable influence on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Unsecured Loans has a significant and positive impact on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Further it was revealed that employing proper evaluation of Repayment Characteristics has significant and positive influence on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya and that Technological Advancement has significant and positive influence on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Recommendation of the study is that commercial banks should ensure they adopt sound Polices review, carry out proper client functioning credit management department. Further it is recommended that commercial banks should engage more feasible loan security measures intended to lessen loan delinquency ratios which can subsequently encourage positive customer performance.
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