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EFFECT OF FINTECH ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF SMES IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
| Institution | Kisii National Polytechnic |
| Course | Business |
| Year | 3rd Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | MAKORI KERECHA |
| File Type | docx |
| Pages | |
| File Size | 123.83 KB |
| Views | 1412 |
| Downloads | 0 |
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Description
The general objective of the study was to investigate the effect of Fintech on the financial inclusion among small and medium enterprises in Nairobi County. To achieve this goal, the study was grounded on four objectives which included to assess the effect of online banking, to examine the effect of digital lending applications, to determine the effect of agency banking, and to establish the effect of mobile money services on financial inclusion among SMEs in Nairobi County. The study utilized a descriptive research design, while targeting a population of approximately 50,000 SMEs located within Nairobi County. Given the substantial number of SMEs, the research employed a stratified sampling method, using Slovin’s formula to select a representative sample of 400 respondents, SME owners, distributed across two distinct respondent categories.
On the first objective, respondents generally recognized that online banking has expanded their client base and enhanced their operational efficiency. They appreciated the reduced overhead costs and the lower costs compared to traditional banking methods. The convenience of managing financial transactions from anywhere at any time significantly improved, allowing business owners to focus more on their core activities. However, there were reservations about the speed and ease of accessing information through online platforms. On the second objective, digital lending applications were noted for providing quicker access to credit and facilitating faster information retrieval, which are crucial for timely business decisions. Despite these advantages, respondents were skeptical about the affordability of credit through these platforms. They also noted that while digital loans reduced the time needed to access funds, the overall costs were perceived to be lower than those associated with traditional banking. The convenience of using digital lending applications over traditional bank visits was recognized, though not overwhelmingly.
On the third objective, agency banking was well-received for its ability to speed up transactions and deposit processes. Respondents valued the extended working hours and the greater cost-effectiveness compared to traditional banking. The method was particularly praised for reducing transaction times and enhancing access to banking services, thus allowing business owners to dedicate more time to their businesses. The overall sentiment towards agency banking was favorable, highlighting its efficiency and convenience. On the fourth objective, mobile money was unanimously lauded for its role in facilitating accessible and convenient financial transactions. Respondents appreciated the ability to conduct transactions at any time and noted the speed at which they could access information and complete financial transactions. The cost-effectiveness of mobile money transactions compared to traditional methods was a significant advantage. Furthermore, the ease of receiving business payments and accessing bank accounts through mobile platforms greatly enhanced operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.
The analysis demonstrated that fintech services have a marked positive impact on financial inclusion. Online banking showed a significant influence, evidenced by a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.543 and an F-statistic of 137.818, with a p-value of 0.01, highlighting its strong statistical significance. Digital lending applications also made a positive impact, with a correlation coefficient of 0.627 and an F-statistic of 63.265, signaling very high significance with a p-value less than 0.001. Similarly, agency banking registered a correlation coefficient of 0.649 and an F-statistic of 239.128, with a p-value of 0.01, demonstrating its effectiveness. Mobile banking also contributed positively, reflected by a correlation coefficient of 0.621 and an F-statistic of 205.622, with a p-value less than 0.001.
The analysis concluded that online banking not only improves access to financial services and operational efficiency but also presents opportunities for further innovations to meet the evolving needs of small businesses. Digital lending applications provide SMEs with quick and straightforward access to capital. Agency banking effectively bridges service gaps in underserved areas, enhancing financial literacy and inclusion at the grassroots level. Enhancements in training, service offerings, and technology could amplify its benefits. Lastly, mobile banking transforms SME financial management by offering unparalleled convenience and rapid access to services.
To enhance financial inclusion for SMEs, it was recommended that financial institutions integrate advanced technologies like AI and blockchain into online banking and conduct regular training for SME owners to boost their engagement and trust. Additionally, fintech companies should expand digital lending with tailored loan products, simplify applications, and ease approval processes. For agency banking, expanding the agent network in rural areas with intensified training and offering incentives for remote operations is advised. Improving the usability and security of mobile banking applications, increasing smartphone penetration, and partnering with mobile network operators can also significantly benefit SME owners, especially in underserved regions. These initiatives aim to broaden the accessibility and impact of fintech solutions across diverse business sectors.
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ROLE OF CHURCH POLICIES IN MITIGATING DIVORCE CASES AMONG CHRISTIAN FAMILIES- SOCIAL WORK RESEARCH PROJECT
ROLE OF CHURCH POLICIES IN MITIGATING DIVORCE CASES AMONG CHRISTIAN FAMILIES: A STUDY OF THE ANGLICAN CHURCH, KISII DEANERY, KISII COUNTY, KENYA
ABSTRACT
Marriage is vital to our nature as human beings in society. This is because it forms the foundation of the family, both in terms of procreation and nurture. It is therefore, imperative that the Christian church clarify, teach, and faithfully uphold what the Bible says about marriage. The church must also speak biblically to the issues affecting marriage such as divorce which is a critical matter affecting the society today including the church membership. This happens despite the church teaching and policies on marriage as a permanent union. It is against this background that the study found it necessary to investigate the role of church policies in mitigating divorce cases among Christian families in the Anglican Church Kisii Deanery. The following objectives guided the study: to examine causes of divorce among Christian families, to assess the impact of divorce on Christian families, to establish the Church policy on marriage and divorce among Christian families and to evaluate the strategies put in place by the church to curb divorce rate among Christian families. The study was anchored on two theories that is the Functionalist Theory founded by Emile Durkheim and Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love. The study targeted a population of 9 Vicars, 359 church official heading various departments,3050 Christian families and 100 divorcees. The study adopted Qualitative research design. Qualitative data was collected from Parish Vicars, Divorcee’s, church leaders and Christian families using questionnaire and interview schedules. Data was analysed using thematic and narrative approach and results presented using graphs, tables, charts and narrations. The findings revealed that 68% strongly agreed that Anglican Church policies on marriage and divorce are accessible to members, however, members still find it difficult to implement some of the policies as required leading to marriage divorce. Financial problems 92.5%, infidelity 80% and communication problems 62% were identified as frequently causing divorce. Divorce was seen to be having devastating effects on families and the society at large. Additionally the church was found to be highly involved in Premarital and post marital counselling programs and pastoral counselling programs 29.7% and lowly involved in organizing marriage seminars, training, workshops 55.7% and provision of marriage literature 45.7%. The study findings recommends that the church leadership to; establish family meetings days, regularize induction and training of church leaders on marital matters, strengthen marriage mentorship programs, organizes marriage seminars and workshop to church members targeting youth’s department and the couples and finally strengthen the existing church guidance and counselling department. The suggested recommendations if implemented will help church departments such mothers’ union, youth department, married couple and potential marriage couples, pastors and other church leaders to address perennial marital challenges leading to divorce experienced by church members.
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