An Online Voting System is a web based system that facilitates the running of elections online. Most higher learning institutions in Kenya conduct elections regularly in order to elect a student leadership to elect them. The elections conducted are mainly manual hence they are marred with irregularities which usually affect negatively the results of the election. In this era of advanced technology where online systems boosts work speed, reduces mistakes and promote the generation of accurate results, having a manual system like the paper-based version becomes a misfortune. An online system, which involves procedures like registration of voters, vote casting, vote counting, and declaring results etc. would constitute a good solution to replace current system that is in the universities in Kenya. Online systems have the advantage of providing convenience to the voter and reduce the time wasted in the queuing process at election centers and also promote security in the voting process. This paper hence describes the UVS which is a web-based online voting system that helps facilitate voting on the internet by providing a platform students are provided with an online registration form which requires them to register as voters, and then the details filled on the form are submitted in the database which then approves the user who can then login into the UVS and cast their vote. The UVS was developed using the waterfall model due to the adaptive nature of web based applications and the system proved that a computerized solution is possible with elimination of human related faults that are a commonplace in employment of human clerks to manage the election process. This paper has proposed the basic structure of the system and its functionality which can be employed to replace the current electoral system used in Universities.

Street light controllers are smarter versions of the mechanical or electronic timers previously used for street light ON-OFF operation. They come with energy conservation options like twilight saving, staggering or dimming. Also many street light controllers come with an astronomical clock for a particular location or a Global Positioning System (GPS) connection to give the best ON-OFF time and energy saving. Automatic Street Light Control System is a simple and powerful concept, which uses transistor as a switch to switch ON and OFF the street light automatically. By using this system manual works are removed. It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. It automatically switches OFF lights under illumination by sunlight. This is done by a sensor called Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like our eyes By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because now-a-days the manually operated street lights are not switched off properly even the sunlight comes and also not switched on earlier before sunset. In sunny and rainy days, ON time and OFF time differ A significantly which is one of the major disadvantage of using timer circuits or manual . This project exploits the working of a transistor in saturation region and cut-off region to switch ON and switch OFF the lights at appropriate time with the help of an electromagnetically operated switch. A street light, lamppost, street lamp, light standard, or lamp standard is a raised source of light on the edge of a road or walkway, which is turned on or lit at a certain time every night. Modern lamps may also have light-sensitive photocells to turn them on at dusk, off at dawn, or activate automatically in dark weather. In older lighting this function would have been performed with the aid of a solar dial. It is not uncommon for street lights to be on poles which have wires strung between them, or mounted on utility poles. This project exploits the working of a transistor in saturation region and cut-off region to switch ON and switch OFF the lights at appropriate time with the help of an electromagnetically operated switch Automatic Streetlight needs no manual operation of switching ON and OFF. The system itself detects whether there is need for light or not. When darkness rises to a certain value

Automatic washroom light switch as the name suggests is a control device used in homes and can also be applicable in industries. A different component with different characteristics are incorporated together to come up with a circuit forming a control device. Major components used in this project are: Reed switch, Op-AMP 741, IC 4017, decade counter, General purpose relay, resistors and light emitting diode. This project is aimed at solving the problem carelessness of switching or turning off manual switches which for many cases results to a high electrical bills (consumption cost). It is simple to operate since it operates automatically. Micro controller in this project is IC 4017 while the OP – AMP 741 is a comparator.

Conductor failure or outage in general does not promote development to public and private sectors. Development of our country and in addition, there are processes that need not to be interrupted because of their importance. This project presents the design, construction and implementation of a broken ac conductor for automatic detection of a broken ac conductor. Studies have shown that the electric fault which occurs in this facilities constitute the major cause of service interruptions as a result of their exposure to high currents, mechanical strains, utilization by the high currents consuming appliances used for a long time thus it’s difficult to locate the accurate location of the broken conductor. and because now days’ electric cables are being installed inside the walls using the pvc conduits or are being installed underground by the use of underground cables and because of this people generally replace the broken conductors instead of repairing them due to hardship in locating the exact place where the cable is broken therefore the reason of coming up with this project was to facilitate quick locating and isolation.

With rapid growth of industry, underground power delivery systems are growing so rapidly .And its capacity is also increasing now-a-days so, if there is any accident in underground power cable, its inference is too great to count and also difficult to find fault location for underground power cable. We are developing fault location system for underground power cable which can detect its fault location exactly. This system usually monitors underground power cable on-line. But if there are an accident, it record its transient signal and we can calculate fault location by analyzing it. To develop fault location system for power cable, we needed fault detection system and we are going to install it physically and test at various points. So, we are going to describe on signal processing technology to detect fault location on power cable and on the result of tested fault location performance.

The main purpose of this research was to determine and identify the challenges faced by micro finance institutions (MFIs) in credit management in Kisii. The study was guided by the following research questions: What are the exposing factors to credit risk among microfinance institutions? What is the relationship between credit management policy and customer retention? What are the guiding principles and practices that can be used to manage credit risk in microfinance institutions? In order to achieve the above, the study adopted a descriptive research design in order to obtain the data that is necessary, which in essence facilitated the collection of the private data as a way of getting into the research objectives. The population under study was 54 micro finance institutions. The collection of the private data was done using structured questionnaires that were pilot tested in order to ensure that there was reliability as well as validity. The coding of the data was done with the use of Microsoft Excel as when as Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in order to generate the descriptive statistics for instance frequencies and percentages. The study findings reveled that there are various exposing factors to credit risk among microfinance institutions in Kenya. Specifically the majority of the respondents were of opinion that loans to individuals, highly contributed to credit risk, followed by involvement in foreign exchange trade, operational risk, prevailing inflation rates, prevailing interest rates group loans and finally, investment in bonds and equities. This implies that indeed issuance of loans to individuals is highly risk as compared to groups. It also implies that investment bonds and equities are less risky. The study concludes that that there is a positive relationship between credit management policy measures and customer retention. The study also concludes that the credit control policy implemented determines the risk exposure. Finally, the study concludes that controls, supervision and audit are adequate to mitigate credit risk.

This is a project on clap switch on / off any electrical circuit by the sound of the clap. The clap operated circuit is a circuit which operates by clapping from a remote pond. When a person claps one, the first output of the circuit is turned on. If another one will cause to energize the third output. The basic idea of clap switch is that the electric microphone picks up the sound of claps, cough and sound of that book knocked off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is amplified by the succession transistor stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bustle multivibrator change stage of each signal. One of these transistor drives the aver transistor which control a lamp basically this is a sound operated switch. For example, fan, fluorescent light TV and other applications can be switched on or off by clapping.

ABSTRACT Digital visitor counter is necessary to count how many people entered into a specific area or how many items are generated in a firm. It helps in counting of people in an auditorium or hall for seminar to avoid congestion. It is a simple electronic circuit which is totally based on the analogue and digital circuit. This is because it has some part of analogue and digital part(7 segment display) in analogue the main part is LDR(Light Dependent Resistor). How does digital visitor counter works It can simply be done by light reference and light sensor are used to detect the person and display the count using 7 segment display with the help of 4026 IC. The light reference and light senor are placed in such a way that the visitor will cross the light path when he/she enters the hall.

This research study sought to establish a unique type of a dinner dress and the most presentable one, it will provide basic information and skills regarding well grooming, a creative garment design will be made out of this research on a dinner dress which will finally familiarize people with the use of such design. The study was therefore carried at various places such as the market centers, educational institutional and boutiques around the town areas. The study therefore seeks to investigate the most acceptable and presentable dinner dress in the modern society and the effectiveness of such a dress will be seen at the end product. Literature was reviewed on managing the modern form of a dinner dress and help designers to improve their effectiveness in the design fields. Information to access the most and affordable dinner dress was gathered from the internet by googling also by using questionnaires in the research fields, market and schools. Majority of the respondents from market places and boutiques observed that work related factors and financial constraints are the major causes of rejected designs on the new fashion trends and they can attribute to.

In many occasions the disable people are neglected and abandoned. The project will mostly help the deaf people in their institution(s). Therefore as it comes the time when there is knock in the door from the client, the person inside if he/she will not hear the knock, this device will detect a knock and with the aid of a latch circuit the signal will remain to be high till is reset. Furthermore the signal will taken to the switch and makes the display (lamp) to be active, and the deaf when sees the light he/she will automatically know that there is someone at the door.