Organizational commitment is very important for employees of every organization. Thus, objective of this study is to analyze the effect of Organizational Commitment (Affective Commitment, Continuance Commitment, and Normative Commitment) on skilled employees’ turnover Intention in the case of United Bank S.Co. Recently high labour turnover has become a problem for banking industry. Thus, well experienced, qualified professionals leave their position that they held in a bank operation and administration areas by creating undesirable cost and harming productivity as well as creating service gap for the company. United Bank S.Co. is one of the victims of this high skilled labour turnover. In this study, the researcher used both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were collected through tested questionnaires and interview and secondary data for the study was added by referring relevant reports and documents within the organization. Being a quantitative and qualitative research, the population and sample in this study are current employees of the United Bank S. Co only in grade A branches. The data are collected by survey method using a questionnaire distributed to fourteen Grade “A” Branches of the bank using a purposive sampling method. With 205 respondents from 220, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20 Version) was used for data operation the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The overall regression model showed a statistically significant relationship between the three forms of commitment (Affective, Normative and Continuance) and turnover intentions, although normative commitment had the strongest relationship with turnover intentions. The Study results provide additional evidence showing that employees’ affective, continuance, and normative commitment to their organizations relate to their turnover intentions. These results may contribute to positive social change by helping top level managers to better understand the relationship between employees’ organizational affective, continuance and normative commitment with turnover intentions. With this knowledge, leaders may be able to decrease turnover rate and turnover-related costs and Increase Company’s performance.

The study examined the effect of organizational communication on employees’ performance at Star soap and detergent industries plc. The study hypothesized the effects of communication flow, communication structure, communication medium and communication climate on the performance of employees. This research used explanatory research design within the framework of quantitative approach. Primary and secondary sources of data were used in the study. Primary data was collected from 129 respondents using structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics including correlation and multiple linear regression models are employed to analyze the data. Results from the study revealed that organizational communication parameters are statistically significant and communication medium is insignificant. Further, the findings and assumptions of multiple linear regression showed that employee performance is highly determined by the communication flow, communication structure and communication climate. When deciding to improve the overall organizational communication, Star soap and detergent industries plc. Better consider the significant correlates of organizational communication parameters.

Recruitment and selection, as a human resource management function, is one of the activities that impact most critically on the performance of an organization in terms of achieving its ultimate goal (Costello, 2006). The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of employee recruitment and selection on organizational performance in COOP. The study focused particularly on identifying the effect of internal recruitment, external recruitment and selection practice on COOP performance. The study also reviewed literature on recruitment and selection with theoretical, empirical and conceptual frameworks. To achieve the objective, the researcher was employed both descriptive and explanatory design method. study was also applied both qualitative and quantitative research approach (mixed method approach). Purposive sampling technique was used to select branches and process unit’s representative of Co-operative bank of Kenya for the study. Survey questioners was used to collect the data from a sample of 377 employees who are working in under four Addis Ababa districts and head office in Co-operative Bank of Kenya. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for the data analysis process. The descriptive statistics include the mean, frequencies, percentage and standard deviation. The inferential statistics (correlation analysis and regression analysis) was also used in analyzing the relation between independent and dependent variables. The finding indicates that internal recruitment, external recruitment and selection correlated and have significance effect on organizational performance. the internal source of recruitment methods of the bank is not rational, acceptable and fair. Additionally, COOP recruitment and selection practice did not reduce potential legal complications and did not save training time and money including, did not help COOP to gain competitive advantage. And most of employees are not motivated to stay with the organization. So that the researcher come up with recommendation that the bank should look and improve other process of HR linked with recruitment and selection like the talent management (job analysis and job specification) and compensation and reward management in order to gain competitive advantage. The management should also improve the promotional and transfer practice and criteria beside except for punishments, transfers have to be considered after a discussion with the employee of his or her console. And All legislation and policies pertaining to recruitment and selection should also be made available to all staff members of the bank

The main objective of this study was to affect the application of digital marketing on customer satisfaction on four star hotels in Kisii Town Kisii County. A researcher used a stratified sampling technique which is random sampling for the study. a total of 330 questioner were distributed to customer and staffs of the four hotels which rated as four star in Kisii Town. The response rate 300 participants was responded which is 90.91 percent response rate achieved. The Descriptive and explanatory research design was undertaken in this study and this was conducted by the use of primary and secondary data which was obtained from the hotels. The study used multiple regression analysis in the analysis of data and the findings have been presented in the form of tables and regression equations. The study also found that there is a strong relationship between the independent variables with customer satisfaction of the hotels. This has been seen with values R squared being 94.0% implying that independent variables could explain 94.0% variations in customer satisfaction of the hotels. This study concludes the applicable to the star category hotels in Kisii Townor may be abroad. The outcomes cannot be related to other subsectors of the hospitality industry or other constituents of wider travel and tourism sector. The results of this study may surely help the hotel marketers to know the effectiveness of important digital marketing tools for hotels and use them strategically. It would also encourage more scholars and researchers from academia and hospitality industry to go about doing digital marketing studies exclusively for hotels in Kisii Townas well as Kisii County. The value of the study is for its contribution to how digital marketing team can effectively optimize digital marketing strategies for Kisii Town hotels. Due to the limited numbers of related papers exclusively written specifically pertaining to digital marketing for Kisii Town hotels, the researchers have tried to examine research works of other researchers across the globe.

This research project was undertaken to develop architectural plans and structural details for a G+5 building in Nyamira District, Nyamira Sector, . The project aims to contribute to Kenya’s development by designing a well-planned residential apartment and commercial structure that optimizes space utilization while adhering to regulatory standards. The study looks at both how the building is designed and how it' structurally designed, taking into designing and British standard codes for structural planning. the results showed that the architectural design of the mixed use building is composed by five stories, the building had a height of 18 meters, a length of 52.949 meters and width of 46.750 meters and features critical elements such as a 6.35m*4.4m slab panel, a 46.550m long beam, a 40cm*40cm column, and a 2.5m*2.5m footing. the structural design of this project showed that the design of the slab provided has a thickness with bars of 16 mm diameter top reinforcements spaced at 200mm and 16mm diameter bottom steel reinforcements at 200mm. while for critical beam the designed steel reinforcements were 2T16 at the top distribution steel reinforcements and 3T16at bottom and all of the bars were tied up with 8mm links spaced at 200mm. and for column the designed steel reinforcement was 6T25 from ground floor to first story, 4T25 from the first floor to second floor, 4T20 from second to third floor, 4T16 from third floor to fifth floor all of the bars tied up with 8mm links spaced at 200mm. while for stair the designed steel reinforcement was T12 at 300mm within the flight and T12 at 100mm within the landing. The concrete pad footing had bars of 16mm reinforcements in all direction spaced at 150mm. This proposed building consists of two sections: a residential apartment complex and a commercial area. Both parts are integrated into a single structure. The residential section includes a total of 20 units, each with living rooms, dining areas, bathrooms, and bedrooms. The commercial section features 38 shops, spanning from the ground floor to the top floor.

The design and implementation of a power supply industrial intelligent anti-theft system aim to provide a robust solution for protecting critical infrastructure from unauthorized access and theft. Industrial facilities often house valuable equipment and materials, making them susceptible to theft and vandalism. This project proposes an integrated system combining advanced sensor technologies, real-time data analysis, and remote monitoring capabilities to enhance the security of power supply systems in industrial environments. A variety of sensors, including vibration, motion, and tamper detection devices, are included into the system design and are positioned strategically around important asset Arduino is central microcontroller that interprets data and sounds an alarm in the event of suspicious activity is connected to these sensors. The communication module makes use of technologies including GPRS, LoRa, and GSM. To guarantee ongoing operation during power outages, the system also integrates a dependable power management technique with backup options like solar panels or batteries. The software interface enhances situational awareness and decision-making by offering users real-time monitoring, historical data analysis, and alarm management through a mobile application or web platform. This advanced anti-theft system is suited for a range of architectural situations due to its scalable, flexible, and adaptive nature. Apart from safeguarding the material assets, it discourages potential pilfers by proactive observation and emergency call handling via mobile phone. Installing such a system is anticipated to significantly reduce theft-related losses and improve the overall security posture of assets in residential or commercial buildings.

This project presents the structural design of a G+2 building apartment located in Nyasiongo District, Nyamira County. The design process involves site analysis, conceptual design, detailed architectural planning, and structural analysis using advanced software tools such as ArchiCAD 2024and Prokon. The project aims to create a functional and aesthetically pleasing residential building that adheres to local building codes and regulations. Key aspects of the design include load calculations, material selection. The outcome of this project provides a comprehensive blueprint for the construction of a sustainable and efficient residential building.

This study aimed at identifying the impact of customer satisfaction during computer based assessment. Customers here in this research were candidates of computer based assessment system (CBAs) that includes teachers, students, assessors, focal persons, shop assistants and other experts. These all taken part in the assessment using CBAs, using explanatory research method through both quantitative and qualitative approach. The data were collected from six different TVET colleges and other office experts. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS version 20 form, in this research multi-criteria satisfaction analysis variables (system quality, information quality, technical quality and service quality) was taken as independent variable used to measure customer’s satisfaction of CBAs and system ease of use, efficiency, interaction, memorability, learnability, response time and satisfaction were considered as sub-variables and customer satisfaction as dependent variable, The result of descriptive statistics shows that CBA system has better performance on system quality; The correlation analysis also indicates a moderate and positive relationship between all selected variables and customer satisfaction. Multiple regressions were also applied by selecting the major controlling variables of predictor, the result also show that system quality of CBAs is greater than the other independent variables that is system quality has greater impact on customer satisfaction and also all variables are statistically significant.The researcher recommended that CBAs satisfaction factors i.e. system quality, information quality, technical quality and service quality all have significant value over customer satisfaction. It implies that this factors can improve the system for better performance and also can improve customer satisfaction.

The purpose of this research was to explore the impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on leadership effectiveness (LE) within the North Kisii Town Branch of the Co-operative Bank of Kenya. The study aims to provide valuable insights to enhance the bank's leadership effectiveness. Data was collected through questionnaires and standardized tests, and the analysis was performed using SPSS 25. The research approach in the study combines descriptive and explanatory research designs. Descriptive Research Design: This component assesses the current levels of emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership effectiveness among managers and supervisors at the Co-operative Bank of Kenya’s North Kisii Town Branch. It documents the existing state of these variables, identifies patterns and trends, and informs the explanatory analysis. Explanatory Research Design, this component investigates the contribution of EI in predicting leadership effectiveness. It explores the relationships between EI dimensions (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management) and leadership outcomes. This multi-faceted approach ensured a thorough investigation of the role of EI in shaping leadership effectiveness. Descriptive and inferential analysis techniques, such as tables and descriptive correlations, were employed. The questionnaires were completed by 196 employees of the Co-operative Bank. The findings indicate a positive relationship between managers' EI and their leadership effectiveness. The study also assessed the EI levels of 44 managers, which were found to be close to the average. However, there were areas where the perception of EI leadership, particularly in self-management, showed a decline. These findings suggest that the bank's leaders need to improve their self-control, take responsibility for their emotions, demonstrate honesty, enhance their listening skills, and provide better support to their subordinates. Additionally, the managers displayed deficiencies in forwardthinking, addressing the emotions and perceptions of their subordinates, and fostering mutually beneficial relationships. The research also revealed weaknesses in conflict management, social interaction, and adherence to expected behavioral standards. On the other hand, leadership effectiveness was associated with strong decision-making skills, effective communication, team cohesion, innovation, and mutual support among employees. However, there were shortcomings in fair evaluation, providing meaningful feedback, and relevant information to employees. The findings underscore the importance of developing emotional intelligence to improve leadership effectiveness. The study concludes that raising awareness of EI, particularly in the area of social awareness, establishing an EI-focused team, and enhancing understanding of subordinates' emotions will contribute to better leadership quality, fair evaluation, and meaningful feedback within the Co-operative Bank of Kenya.

The study sought to assess the nature of armed conflict sexual violence trauma, social and economic strain experienced by girls and women in conflict of Tigray, northern region of Ethiopia. Both qualitative and quantitative (mixed - convergent parallel) research approaches were applied. Descriptive research design was adopted to analyze the qualitative data regarding the nature of their traumas due to the gang rape by armed groups. While, the quantitative data were used for identifying the nature of the psychological post-traumatic outcomes (post traumatic growth or post traumatic stress disorder) and level of social acceptance of the society based on survivor’s perception. A sample of 50 respondents, of which 23 girls and 27 women survivors participated in the survey. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the quantitative data while, among them, 14 respondents were selected purposively to conduct the in-depth interview to collect the qualitative data. The analysis focused on the traumas in terms of physical, psychological, social stigma and social acceptance of sexual violence along with economic strain and humanitarian aid intervention by different stakeholders. Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the primary data with the help of SPSS 22.0. The results of the findings revealed that the survivors experienced a life-threatening physical abuse by armed groups results in raptured anal and genital organs, pelvic pain, fistula, bleeding, and sexual transmitted diseases including HIV and Hepatitis. The majority of the respondents also suffered from posttraumatic stress disorder as they were facing ethnic slur as well as exposed to atrocity committed on their families, friends and relatives. Nonetheless, some have developed positive posttraumatic growth emanated from their personal strength and religious believes. Despite the occurrence of frequent and perpetuated sexual violence against civilians during the conflict, the victims were still suffered from high social stigma. However, they admitted they have seen social acknowledgement towards the sexual violence. The economic strain of the victims was also aggravated due to lack of sufficient humanitarian aid intervention. It can be concluded that the sexual violence traumas of the survivors of conflict in Tigray were brutal atrocity against humanity. Mobile and outreach medical services with sufficient supply logistics are required for immediate relief of basic necessities.