People can become infected with HIV from other people who already have it, and when they are infected they can then go on to infect other people. Basically, this is how HIV is spread.

Define the term oral literature; Spoken, acted and performed art whose transmission/ presentation/media is by word of mouth.

In this section, we shall examine the field of communication to serve as a foundation to what follows in the course. Principally, we shall define communication; outline its elements, principles and its importance in academic and life in general. We shall also briefly examine the several types of communication.

For community practitioners to be effective in their work, they need to understand some of the key concepts used in community development. The concepts include: community, development, mobilization, participation, empowerment, sustainability, social change, integrated development, culture, volunteerism and philanthropy. This session introduces participants to these concepts which are important in the performance of their roles

Site Analysis † prior to purchasing a building site it is essential to conduct a thorough survey to ascertain whether the site characteristics suit the development concept

Masonry works: Manufacture of concrete blocks, bricks, stone dressing. Return angles; jointing and bedding of construction materials. Setting out. Partitioning. Cut stone, dressing and laying. Precautions. Creating opening in masonry walls. Fixtures and fittings to masonry walls. Tools and quality of workmanship. Workshop practice. Appropriate technology manufacture of compressed stabilized earth blocks, sisal cement, roofing sheets and tiles, water storage tanks and new products.

This course introduces learners to key concepts, theories and frameworks for analyzing social policy. The ideological, theoretical and values basis of social policy are examined with a view to understanding how they shape social policy locally, regionally and globally. Selected case studies of social policy interventions in Kenya are also examined.

People live in relationship. Their problems arise partially from the relationships in which they live - the words and actions that bind or divide them in relation to others. However, the also carry within them their internalizations of other people: their self-esteem and self-concept are influenced by how others acted towards them. Clients (individual & group) enter the counselling room under the influence of their present companions and the historical companions who were their family of origin.

If there is any topical issue that is rampant and dominates our everyday intellectual excursion and discussion or creating waves daily in the media, it is the problem of moral decadence among the youths. In fact, the problem, which initially was gradual in bites has now, attained the level that can best be described as the incurable cancer disease, the tentacles of which have spread into the nooks and crannies of the country.

A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighborhood) or in virtual space through communication platforms. Durable relations that extend beyond immediate genealogical ties also define a sense of community, important to their identity, practice, and roles in social institutions such as family, home, work, government, society, or humanity at large.[. Although communities are usually small relative to personal social ties, "community" may also refer to large group affiliations such as national communities, international communities, and virtual communities.[3]