WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) is a technical standard that enables wireless devices, such as mobile phones, to access the internet and other services, providing a lightweight protocol for web browsing and data exchange over cellular networks. WML (Wireless Markup Language) is a subset of HTML designed specifically for WAP-enabled devices. It allows for the creation of mobile-friendly web pages with simple, text-based content and limited graphical capabilities. WML supports the interactive nature of wireless services by providing elements like cards and decks, which are essential for creating a functional user interface on small mobile screens. Together, WAP and WML made it possible for early mobile web browsing and applications to work efficiently on resource-constrained devices.