Seed industry has played a vital role in the availability of high quality seed of improved crop varieties with attendant modern power equipment, improved fertilizers, and better methods of insect and weed control. These altogether have revolutionized farming 1.1 Evolution of seed The evolution of plants has resulted in increasing levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, ferns to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today. While the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive, especially in the environments in which they evolved, each new grade of organisation has eventually become more "successful" than its predecessors by most measures. 1. Evidence suggests that an algal scum formed on the land 1,200 million years ago 2. To thrive and to avoid extinction, plants have made mechanisms and evolved seed plant during 200 million years ago 3. The latest major group of plants to evolve was the grasses, 40 million years ago 4. The grasses, as well as many other groups, evolved new mechanisms of metabolism to survive the low CO2 and warm, dry conditions of the tropics over the last 10 million years.