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The document provides an introduction to common surveying instruments. It discusses that surveying instruments are used to take linear, angular, and vertical measurements of land features. Some key instruments mentioned are measuring tapes, chains, compasses, levels, theodolites, total stations, GPS, and drones. A variety of uses for surveying are also outlined, including land, topographic, hydrographic, mine, and quantity surveying. Finally, different types of common surveying instruments are described at a high level.

The document provides a comprehensive overview of construction plant and equipment, detailing various types of surveying and excavation equipment. It includes descriptions of tools such as theodolites, total stations, and excavators, along with their functions and applications in construction. The document serves as a reference for understanding the equipment used in construction projects.

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Normal distribution, Poisson distribution and Binomial distribution

The purpose of this study was to make an assessment on the impact of worker’s absenteeism on performance in Kisumu County Government. This concern has been studied within several working areas and departments of the Kisumu County Government both at the headquarters and in other places like the ward level as well as villages in the governmental subdivisions. The objective of these case studies was to find out the genuine effects and possible recommendations that could be helpful to the County government authorities for their performance and good services provision. In this study Qualitative (interviews) was utilized to collect data and then data was analyzed. Workers absenteeism is a costly problem in most of the government authorities especially in the County government authorities in Kenya. Absenteeism costs huge amount of money for replacements, where by additional costs are incurred through new employees that are needed to replace the absent workers. The impact of worker’s absenteeism has not been given considerable attention by human resources professionals in County government authorities in Kenya. This research is valuable since it helps to understand the impacts of absenteeism consequently come up with the suggestions on how to reduce or deal with the problem. The study has found that excessive work load for remaining staff, delay in daily routine, poor customer’s satisfaction and complaints from the society are some of the impact of absenteeism.

Communication is the key ingredient for establishing and maintaining relationships between two or more parties. In order to find ways that will lead to healthy relationships in different fields and professions, communication has been one of the many fields that have been researched on severally. Due to the diversity of communication and the different media through which information is passed, most researchers have not been able to exactly customize these topics to fit some situations, people and organizations. Communication channels have not been barred in some of the existing relevant research though they have not been able to give specific situations where each channel should be applied. The aim of this research is to make this topic understandable, customize it and appropriate it to the situation that we are, how it affects us and the topic real to us rather that conceptualize. The research also target to give the importance of communication channels, how well they can be put to use in the process of communication and the merits that come with the proper use of the channel. The research took place at Maasai Mara University and targets the communication between the students and the administration, how well the channels have been put to use and the relationship that comes with that.

Thebmain objective of the study is to examine the effect of employee downsizing and retrenchment on organizational performance (A Study of Selected Tertiary Institutions in Kisii County). The specific objectives are to: assess the impact of restructuring and re-engineering on commitment of Selected Tertiary Institutions in Kisii County. Examine the effect of termination and rightsizing on growth of Selected Tertiary Institutions in Kisii County. Determine the effect of redundancies and collective dismissal on sustainability of Selected Tertiary Institutions in Kisii County. investigate the challenges of employee downsizing and retrenchment on organizational performance in Selected Tertiary Institutions in Kisii County.

The general objective of conducting this study was to assess the effects of various leadership styles on workers’ productivity. The specific objectives of conducting this study were: To examine the effects of autocratic leadership on workers’ productivity To examine the effects of democratic/participative leadership on workers’ productivity Research Questions What are the effects of autocratic leadership on workers’ productivity? To what extent does the democratic/participative leadership affect workers’ productivity? iii.To what extent does the effect of laissez-Faire leadership influence workers’ productivity?

EFFECTS OF EMPLOYEE WELFARE PROGRAMMES ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE Employees form the human capital factor in all organizations and symbolizes all human abilities irrespective of the inherent or learnt qualities, whose worth could be improved by suitable development investments. Organizations therefore need to ensure that they offer compensation and welfare packages that increase employee motivation. The motivation of employees increases when their needs are met and this leads to increased productivity and efficiency in service delivery. Achieving optimal performance in public service remain a challenge. There is limited literature of employee welfare programmes and organizational performance hence the reason for conducting the study. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of employee welfare programs on organizational performance in Kisii County Public Service. The specific objectives are: To evaluate the effect of retirement benefits on organization performance Kisii County Public Service; to determine the effect of medical cover on organizational performance in Kisii county public service; and to assess the effect of employee allowances on organization performance Kisii County Public Service.

investigate the effect of orientation programs on employee's performance. To investigate how introduction of new employees to co-workers affect employee's performance. To examine how use of employee handbook affect employee's performance. To examine the effect of assigning a mentor to new employees on employee's performance. To investigate how employee tour of workplace affect employee's performance.

STRESS AND ITS EFFECTS ON EMPLOYEES today’s competitive global environment, employee productivity is an essential element of a company’s success. Employee productivity can be significantly hindered by high levels of stress experienced in the work environment. Stress is a universal element and persons from nearly every walk of life have to face stress. Employers today are critically analyzing the stress management issues that contribute to lower job performance of employees. The main aim of the study was to evaluate stress and its effect on employees’ productivity. The study was conducted at Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority (GPHA), Takoradi. Descriptive survey was adopted as the research design. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used in selecting a sample size of 100 out of a population of 326. Questionnaires and interview was used as data collection instrument. From the results obtained, it was evident that there were many stress factors that the respondents endured, and the enquiry proved that stress had an effect on productivity. Majority of the respondents reported to work under pressure and that they feel uncared for by the organization. The fact that majority of respondents thought of leaving their job, and felt that the organization did not care about them was a reflection of huge dissatisfaction that undoubtedly lowered productivity. It was recommended that Management must conduct an analysis of the organizational mood and climate by assessing the reasons why the employees think GPHA, Takoradi does not care about its employees and what they can do to change it. It was also suggested that an Employee Assistance Programme be introduced for early identification and intervention on problems so that productivity levels do not decrease

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of conflicts on project team productivity at Kisumu National Polytechnic in order to build everlasting coexistence of members of the institution and ensure attainment of institution as well as overall organizational goal. The objectives of this study were: to examine the effects of project leadership related conflicts on project teams’ productivity, to find out the effects of organizational structure related conflicts on project team productivity and to establish the effects of stakeholder involvement conflicts on employee productivity in Kisumu national polytechnic. A descriptive research design was adopted in this study.

This study sought to look into the impact of training on employee on the employee’s productivity of Keroka technical training institute. The study was carried out between the months of Jan 2023 and June2023. Although training neededwas needed to be done in the organization it is not done frequently and might not address the needs of the employees as it is not dynamic and it takes time to implement the outcomes of these analyses and by the time it is being implemented crime could have mutated to something else. Where training needs analysis is done person analysis is the least used as compared to operational and organization, Then it comes to evaluation of training the overall impact of training is rarely evaluated or it is not evaluated at all, this makes it difficult to get feedback of training and thereby training might be used when maybe it is not solving the organization problems.

This study investigated the impact of workforce engagement on performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County. The study sought to ascertain the ascertain the impact of job security on employee job satisfaction of Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County, assess the effect of rewards and recognition on employee output of Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County, examine the influence of involvement and participation on effectiveness of Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County and analyze the factors affecting workforce engagement on performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County. This research adopted a survey design. This study adopted two sources of data collection which are primary data and secondary data. The population of the study was 237 staff. Thus, the sample size was 149 which were distributed to the respondents in the study area. One hundred and thirty nine (139) were returned while ten (10) were rejected. The researcher used a simple random sampling technique. ANOVA, correlation coefficient and regression model was used to test hypotheses of the study. The study found out that Job security has a significant effect on employee job satisfaction of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County. Rewards and recognition has a significant impact on employee output of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County. Involvement and participation has a significant effect on effectiveness of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County. The study concluded that Ineffective communication and inefficiency at work are the challenges affecting workforce engagement on performance of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Kisii County. The study recommended that organization should hold to high esteem effective communication and job security as a satisfactory form of appreciation that will stop employee thinking about other opportunities from other organization.

This study was founded on the need to establish the influence of leadership on employee productivity at Vision Point Sacco Society. To achieve the objective of the study, the study used a descriptive survey research design determine the influence of leadership on employee productivity. The target population of the study included all the managers and employees of Vision Pont Sacco Ltd. A sample size of 225 was selected from a population of 450 managers and employees. The study used primary data which was collected by a semi-structured questionnaire. The data was collected from managers and employees of commercial Sacco using a drop and pick- later method. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The study found that a unit increase in transformational leadership style, transactional leadership style and Laissez-faire leadership style leads to increase in employee productivity. It further established that employees at VPSS act in a way that build each other, display a sense of power and confidence and they go beyond self-interest for the good of the group. The study also established that employees do not fail to interfere until problems become serious and they do not wait for things to go wrong before taking action. It also revealed that employees direct their attention toward failures to meet standards; they keep track of all mistakes and focus attention on irregularities, mistakes, exceptions, and deviations from standards. The study therefore recommends that leaders to be aware of what is important for the subordinates and the organizations as a whole and encourage the employees to see the opportunities and challenges around them creatively. The study suggests that a similar study can be replicated in other Sacco’s in the Kenya such as Vision point Sacco. Further research should also be done involving all the employees at commercial Sacco.

The study intends to determine the importance of communication in enhancing an effective management undertaking which is for the generality of the profitability of the undertaking. The project will work towards identifying areas of weakness and strength of communications applied in the past with a view to proffer a dependable solution. Again, it is also to determine the qualities and effectiveness in the field of management. Hence all organizations have need to organize human and material resources in most efficient and effective way which will enhance productivity. On that the system of communicating adopted in various organizations will fail to integrate the two interests(personal and organizational) in pursuit of some objective.

This study aimed at analysis the effects that leadership has on the employees of an organization in terms of their performance rate. The research therefore aims at looking at how transformative leadership impacts on employee performance at Kenya Achivas Sacco Society and if yields the same results as other researches have shown in other parts of the world. With the main objectives being to investigate the impact of leadership styles that has been achieved within the organization and also to investigate the extent to which a leader’s intervention on situations affects overall performance It is a representative study in design with a cross sectional component whereby all relevant parties were involved. The study population is specific employees of Kenya Achivas Sacco society selected for the study.

The general objective of this study was to examine the effect of workplace discrimination on employee performance using Ghana Police Service - Kumasi as a case study. The specific objectives however include to: examine the nature of discrimination in the Administration of Ghana Police Service. identify the root causes of workplace discrimination and how they can be addressed. assess the effect of workplace discrimination on employee performance in the Ghana Police Service (GPS). identify legal remedies available to victims of workplace discrimination at the Ghana Police Service.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the distribution strategies on organizational performance of firms a case of Nyankoba Tea Factory. The research was guided by the following objectives that were focused: to determine the type of distribution channel used by organizations to influence performance, to determine the policies of the organization regarding to the distribution strategies and to determine some factors considered when choosing the channel of distribution. The study was based at Nyankoba Tea Factory. The target population was 250 employees. Descriptive research design was used because it was to enable the researcher to get the data on the effect of distribution strategies on organizational performance. A sample of 75 employees representing 20% of all staff working in Nyankoba Tea Factory was picked for the study. The sample size was selected from 250 employees of Nyankoba Tea Factory using purposeful sampling technique. Structured and closed ended questionnaires were used to solicit information from the respondents. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean and weighted averages which were later presented in form of tables and graphs. Secondary Data was processed and analyzed using Descriptive and Inferential statistics. The summary and conclusions were drawn from the results which give a proper illustration on the various strategies adopted in the selection of proper channel of distribution.